前言
Scoop 作为一款较为流行的 Windows 包管理器,用它来下载软件、管理版本十分方便。
什么是 Scoop
Scoop 是一款适用于 Windows 平台的命令行软件(包)管理工具,这里是Scoop 官网。简单来说,就是可以通过命令行工具(PowerShell、CMD 等)实现软件(包)的安装管理等需求,通过简单的一行代码实现软件的下载、安装、卸载、更新等操作。其灵感来源于 macOS 的Homebrew。
当然如果用过 Linux 系统,使用 apt-get 工具安装过软件,或者用过 Python,知道 pip 工具用于管理 Python 各种依赖包,那么理解 Scoop 就比较容易,这些工具的设计理念与使用方法都非常类似。
Scoop 从 bucket 下载的软件是绿色安全的,不会附带广告之类的扰人组件,同时它也让安装变得很简单。Scoop 凭借 shims(垫片机制)使得在 windows 下管理环境变量十分简单,用户只需执行简单的 CLI 命令来安装程序,Scoop 会默认添加环境变量,从而使得整个过程十分顺滑。
安装 Scoop
> Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
> irm get.scoop.sh -outfile 'install.ps1'
> .\install.ps1 -ScoopDir 'D:\Scoop' -ScoopGlobalDir 'F:\GlobalScoopApps' -NoProxy使用 Scoop
scoop help
scoop 基本语法命令:
> scoop help
Usage: scoop <command> [<args>]
Available commands are listed below.
Type 'scoop help <command>' to get more help for a specific command.
Command Summary
------- -------
alias Manage scoop aliases
bucket Manage Scoop buckets
cache Show or clear the download cache
cat Show content of specified manifest.
checkup Check for potential problems
cleanup Cleanup apps by removing old versions
config Get or set configuration values
create Create a custom app manifest
depends List dependencies for an app, in the order they'll be installed
download Download apps in the cache folder and verify hashes
export Exports installed apps, buckets (and optionally configs) in JSON format
help Show help for a command
hold Hold an app to disable updates
home Opens the app homepage
import Imports apps, buckets and configs from a Scoopfile in JSON format
info Display information about an app
install Install apps
list List installed apps
prefix Returns the path to the specified app
reset Reset an app to resolve conflicts
search Search available apps
shim Manipulate Scoop shims
status Show status and check for new app versions
unhold Unhold an app to enable updates
uninstall Uninstall an app
update Update apps, or Scoop itself
virustotal Look for app's hash or url on virustotal.com
which Locate a shim/executable (similar to 'which' on Linux)scoop bucket
scoop 桶命令,用来管理添加、删除已有桶。
> scoop bucket --help
Usage: scoop bucket add|list|known|rm [<args>]
Add, list or remove buckets.
Buckets are repositories of apps available to install. Scoop comes with
a default bucket, but you can also add buckets that you or others have
published.
To add a bucket:
scoop bucket add <name> [<repo>]
e.g.:
scoop bucket add extras https://github.com/ScoopInstaller/Extras.git
Since the 'extras' bucket is known to Scoop, this can be shortened to:
scoop bucket add extras
To list all known buckets, use:
scoop bucket knownscoop search
scoop 用来搜索软件的命令,可以选择 scoop-search 替代。
> scoop search dotnet-sdk-lts
Results from local buckets...
Name Version Source Binaries
---- ------- ------ --------
dotnet-sdk-lts 8.0.412 versions
> scoop-search dotnet-sdk-lts
'versions' bucket:
dotnet-sdk-lts (8.0.412)scoop instal、scoop uninstall
安装软件与卸载软件
> scoop install --help
Usage: scoop install <app> [options]
e.g. The usual way to install an app (uses your local 'buckets'):
scoop install git
To install a different version of the app
(note that this will auto-generate the manifest using current version):
scoop install gh@2.7.0
To install an app from a manifest at a URL:
scoop install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ScoopInstaller/Main/master/bucket/runat.json
To install a different version of the app from a URL:
scoop install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ScoopInstaller/Main/master/bucket/neovim.json@0.9.0
To install an app from a manifest on your computer
scoop install \path\to\app.json
To install an app from a manifest on your computer
scoop install \path\to\app.json@version
Options:
-g, --global Install the app globally
-i, --independent Don't install dependencies automatically
-k, --no-cache Don't use the download cache
-s, --skip-hash-check Skip hash validation (use with caution!)
-u, --no-update-scoop Don't update Scoop before installing if it's outdated
-a, --arch <32bit|64bit|arm64> Use the specified architecture, if the app supports it
> scoop uninstall --help
Usage: scoop uninstall <app> [options]
e.g. scoop uninstall git
Options:
-g, --global Uninstall a globally installed app
-p, --purge Remove all persistent datascoop home
获取软件主页
> scoop home --help
Usage: scoop home <app>scoop info
获取软件信息
> scoop info git
Name : git
Description : Distributed version control system
Version : 2.50.1
Bucket : main
Website : https://gitforwindows.org
License : GPL-2.0-only
Updated at : 2025/7/9 4:29:40
Updated by : github-actions[bot]
Installed : 2.50.1
Binaries : bin\sh.exe | bin\bash.exe | cmd\git.exe | cmd\gitk.exe | cmd\git-gui.exe | cmd\scalar.exe | usr\bin\tig.e
xe | git-bash.exe
Shortcuts : Git Bash | Git GUI
Environment : GIT_INSTALL_ROOT = <root>
Notes : Set Git Credential Manager Core by running: "git config --global credential.helper manager"
To add context menu entries, run '<root>\install-context.reg'
To create file-associations for .git* and .sh files, run '<root>\install-file-associations.reg'scoop update、scoop status
更新软件、获取软件更新状态
> scoop update --help
Usage: scoop update <app> [options]
'scoop update' updates Scoop to the latest version.
'scoop update <app>' installs a new version of that app, if there is one.
You can use '*' in place of <app> to update all apps.
Options:
-f, --force Force update even when there isn't a newer version
-g, --global Update a globally installed app
-i, --independent Don't install dependencies automatically
-k, --no-cache Don't use the download cache
-s, --skip-hash-check Skip hash validation (use with caution!)
-q, --quiet Hide extraneous messages
-a, --all Update all apps (alternative to '*')
> scoop status --help
Usage: scoop status
Options:
-l, --local Checks the status for only the locally installed apps,
and disables remote fetching/checking for Scoop and buckets